Written by: Patrick Hearn Posted on: March 12th, 2019 in: General Software. Windows computers have a number of well known and easy-to-use diagnostic tools, but the people in the Mac camp lack that versatility. MacOS is known to be harder to work with, and most users find it easier to let a specialized tech handle the problem rather than deal. The best 11-in-1 app for your Mac Protect and get the most out of your Mac. The one app that does it all Start using MacDiagnostic Free Download One Click Cleaning! A fast, safe and secure cleanup. One click Cleaning Read More. Mar 07, 2016  5) Choose which sort of tests you wish to perform. You can perform basic tests by clicking the Test button, or run a barrage of detailed diagnostic test by ticking the box next to “Perform extended testing” and then hitting the Test button. 6) Test results will appear after a few minutes. As the tests are performed, your Mac notebook’s fan may kick into overdrive.

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Most Mac users will experience years of using a Mac without any problems. But every so often, a hardware issue could surface that could significantly impact how your Mac performs.

Identifying the cause of problems — hardware or software — is the first step to fixing them. It could make a trip to an Apple Store or certified reseller easier knowing you've done all you can to identify and whenever possible, fix the problem yourself — saving you downtime and a potentially costly repair.

Built into every Mac is a way to run an Apple Hardware Test, also known as an Apple Diagnostics.

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Hardware Tests are an effective way to identify the cause of a Mac performance problem, which could be CPU or GPU issue, a failing disk drive, an overloaded memory, a fan overheating, or any number of other potential faults. If you suspect it’s a hardware problem, Hardware Tests are the way to troubleshoot on Macs built before 2013. In newer models, those built after 2013, those same tests are labelled Apple Diagnostics.

How to Run Apple Diagnostics on any Mac

In some cases, a hardware problem is so severe that you won’t be able to switch your Mac back on. Thankfully, if you can run an Apple Diagnostics or Hardware Test, Apple Support suggests this is a way you can restart your Mac, even if it refuses to switch back on through other means.

Whether you are running an Apple diagnostics (on newer hardware and OS X devices) or a Mac hardware test (on older devices), Apple recommends printing their support instructions on how to run these tests. Once you’ve got the instructions in front of you, Apple recommends going through the following process to diagnose a hardware problem:

1. For those with iMacs or any desktop-based device: Disconnect all external drives and hardware devices, except for the keyboard, mouse, display, and speakers.
2. Select Apple Menu > Restart.
3. Press and hold the D key when the Mac is restarting.
4. Apple Diagnostics will run automatically. When it is complete, it will present a list of the problems encountered.

Common Mac Hardware Issues

At this point, you can either follow on-screen instructions or contact Apple Support — arranging a Genius Bar appointment — or go to an Apple Authorized Service Provider to make repairs, to fix the problems. Make a note of any reference codes.

Some of the most common hardware error codes indicate problems with:

• Wi-Fi — a failure of the AirPort wireless card (4AIR);
• Hard disk and SSD (4HDD)
• Logic board (4IRP)
• Memory — RAM (4MEM)
• External disk (4MHD)
• Fans (4MOT)
• Processor (4PRC)
• Video/graphics card (4YDC)

Most Mac error codes suggest a failure of the component they reference, or a related component that is causing a problem with the hardware. In most cases, an Apple specialist or technician may be needed to resolve this issue.

However, before you send your poor, unhealthy Mac off to the shop, there are several fixes you could try at home, such as resetting the PRAM or SMC. This can fix some of the most common errors, including problems with the logic board and fan.

Disk Utility (built-into every OS X) is useful for fixing memory (RAM), hard disk and external drive problems, as are several third-party apps.

For those with older Macs, when you are running an OS X Hardware Test, an alert message will appear once complete with a list of the problems encountered. Again, you have the option of following on-screen instructions to restore the Mac, or re-booting the device using a startup disk, or taking the Mac to a store or Authorized Service Provider.

In any scenario involving hardware, you need to be aware that you are at risk of losing any items on your Mac that haven't been backed-up to the cloud. We recommend storing as much as you can with a cloud provider, such as Dropbox, or Apple iCloud.

Another way to improve Mac performance

What happens if you run a Mac diagnostics and it comes back with nothing? Does this mean you need to buy a new Mac? Or give up using Mac altogether, switching to another device and operating system?

An Apple Diagnostics or Hardware Test that reports a lack of problems indicates it could be a software issue. Another alternative worth exploring, especially if your Mac is overheating or slowing down, is that your storage is too full of junk, clutter, applications, and duplicate files and photos.

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On average, Mac users have 62GB of data, files, apps, and images they do not need. Too many files slow down and overheat computers, making them difficult to use and causing them to crash more often.

CleanMyMac X is designed to clear up junk, clutter and get your Mac back to peak performance. With over 4 million downloads and hundreds of positive reviews, we know that CleanMyMac X has carefully removed over 11 million unnecessary apps and over 2.5 billion gigabytes of data clogging up Macs all over the world.

With two click removals, you can quickly clean loads of data, making your Mac easier to use and freeing up space for new documents, downloads and images. Once you've run a Hardware Test or Apple Diagnostics, use CleanMyMac X (it's free to try) to identify and fix any other issues that are causing your Mac to run slowly or overheat.

We hope this article was helpful and you found the answers to all your questions here. Stay tuned!

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After isolating an issue on your Mac to a possible hardware issue, you can use Apple Diagnostics to help determine which hardware component might be causing the issue. Apple Diagnostics also suggests solutions and helps you contact Apple Support for assistance.

If your Mac was introduced before June 2013, it uses Apple Hardware Test instead.

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How to use Apple Diagnostics

1. Disconnect all external devices except keyboard, mouse, display, Ethernet connection (if applicable), and connection to AC power.
2. Make sure that your Mac is on a hard, flat, stable surface with good ventilation.
3. Shut down your Mac.
4. Turn on your Mac, then immediately press and hold the D key on your keyboard. Keep holding until you see a screen asking you to choose your language. When Apple Diagnostics knows your language, it displays a progress bar indicating that it's checking your Mac:
   
5. Checking your Mac takes 2 or 3 minutes. If any issues are found, Apple Diagnostics suggests solutions and provides reference codes. Note the reference codes before continuing.
   
6. Choose from these options:
   • To repeat the test, click ”Run the test again” or press Command (⌘)-R.
   • For more information, including details about your service and support options, click ”Get started” or press Command-G.
   • To restart your Mac, click Restart or press R.
   • To shut down, click Shut Down or press S.

If you choose to get more information, your Mac starts up from macOS Recovery and displays a web page asking you to choose your country or region. Click ”Agree to send” to send your serial number and reference codes to Apple. Then follow the onscreen service and support instructions. When you're done, you can choose Restart or Shut Down from the Apple menu.

This step requires an Internet connection. If you're not connected to the Internet, you'll see a page describing how to get connected.

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Learn more

If holding down the D key at startup doesn't start Apple Diagnostics:

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• If you're using a firmware password, turn it off. You can turn it on again after using Apple Diagnostics.
• Hold down Option-D at startup to attempt to start Apple Diagnostics over the Internet.